Abstract:Mechanization packages for rice often assume household labor is fungible, overlooking gendered task specialization. We track time-use diaries and yield responses in paired intensification trials with and without hired machine services. Where transplanting labor is primarily female, machine transplanting shifts unpaid hours toward weeding unless complementary weed control is bundled.
Abstract:Subsurface drains shorten residence time of nitrate and dissolved phosphorus after storms. We instrument nested outlets and use high-frequency sensors to quantify event-scale loads across contrasting drainage densities. Connectivity metrics explain more load variance than fertilizer rates alone, informing where edge-of-field wetlands would intercept peak export.
Abstract:Early infestation in silos is hard to confirm without destructive sampling. We train convolutional networks on acoustic recordings from probe sensors placed in wheat and maize bulk and compare against visual inspection of trap catches. Models detect activity days earlier than trap thresholds, enabling localized fumigation instead of whole-bin treatments.
Abstract:Heat load events elevate respiration rates and reduce feed conversion in outdoor finishing systems. We deploy infrared cameras over shaded and unshaded pens and synchronize surface temperatures with weather-station wet-bulb globe temperature. Partial shade lowers peak surface temperature enough to cut panting scores during mid-afternoon peaks.
Abstract:Informal seed exchange sustains landrace diversity where formal markets supply few adapted cultivars. We map exchange ties among highland households and relate centrality to on-farm variety richness. Households bridging distant villages conserve rare types, suggesting targeted support for network hubs rather than uniform distribution campaigns.
Abstract:Cadmium accumulation in acidic tropical soils threatens food safety for leafy vegetables. We compare rice husk, coffee husk, and wood-waste biochars amended at equal carbon rates and measure extractable cadmium, plant uptake, and soil pH over two crop cycles. Alkaline coffee-husk biochar most strongly reduces edible-tissue cadmium without suppressing yield.
Abstract:Index-based drought insurance aims to reduce basis risk, yet uptake remains low when payout triggers feel opaque. We combine framed field experiments with household surveys to estimate how framing, trust in weather stations, and liquidity constraints shape purchase decisions. Transparent trigger communication raises willingness to pay more than modest premium subsidies in our sample.
Abstract:Mixed pixels in medium-resolution imagery obscure early nitrogen deficiency signals in intercropped fields. We apply linear spectral unmixing with endmembers derived from field spectrometers and validate against SPAD and leaf tissue assays. Unmixed green vegetation fractions improve stress detection lead time compared with NDVI alone across three growing seasons.
Abstract:Background: It was noted that academic studies on Digital Transformations (DT) and OHS are generally conducted at the national level in developing and underdeveloped countries. In this context, it was stated that the issue concerns the whole of humanity and that joint studies should be conducted across countries. Methods: This research is based on the relational survey model and uses a quantitative approach, with the survey method as the data collection tool. Survey participants were selected by a simple random sampling method, so that each individual constituting the universe has an equal probability of participating in the research. Results: As a result, within the scope of digital transformation, it was determined that the personal development of the workers affected the managerial measures and precautions and awareness and consciousness levels of occupational health and safety practices, whereas it did not affect the variables of training cooperation and communication. Conclusion: As a result of the regression analyses performed in the study, it was concluded that the administrative measures and measures taken regarding OHS have a positive effect on work efficiency, personal development of employees, communication between employees, and cooperation between employees.
Abstract:Regional dairy brands invest in blockchain traceability, but price premiums depend on perceived authenticity and food-safety reassurance. We conduct choice experiments with urban and rural shoppers and estimate mixed logit models for label attributes. Transparency on farm origin and antibiotic use drives premiums more than technology claims alone.